Market overview

GSN covers two markets in Oceania, Australia and New Zealand, and the rules that connect them are unusually explicit about treating each other’s companies as close to domestic.

Read the full overview and sources

Australian equities trade on the Australian Securities Exchange, whose admission and continuing obligations sit in the ASX Listing Rules. The conduct regulator behind them is the Australian Securities and Investments Commission, an independent government body set up under the ASIC Act 2001 and charged with maintaining and improving the performance of the financial system, promoting confident and informed participation by investors, and administering the law effectively. ASX sets the entry tests.

An applicant for a standard listing needs at least 300 non-affiliated security holders, an issue price of at least 20 cents in cash, and either the profit test, which requires the same main business activity across the last 3 full financial years and audited accounts for those years, or the assets test, which requires net tangible assets of at least $4 million after fund-raising costs or a market capitalisation of at least $15 million. Once listed, an entity must immediately tell ASX any information a reasonable person would expect to have a material effect on price, the continuous disclosure obligation in Listing Rule 3.1 that drives most of the announcements GSN reports.

New Zealand’s exchange, NZX, runs a smaller and more concentrated market. Its main board, the NZSX, carried an instrument count of 178 and a market capitalisation of $191,105,396,807.88 when its live market page was read on Thu 3rd Sep. NZX also operates a separate listed debt market, the NZDX, which is where retail and wholesale bonds from New Zealand and Asia-Pacific corporate and government issuers trade. That market showed 143 instruments and an amount outstanding of $54,302,163,433.00 on the same day. The split matters for readers: an NZX story is as likely to be about a bond quotation as about an equity placement.

The trans-Tasman link is written into the ASX rules themselves. A qualifying NZ entity applying for an ASX Foreign Exempt Listing may satisfy the ordinary profit or assets test, with two of the cash-backing requirements switched off, while any other foreign applicant faces far higher bars: operating profit before income tax of at least $200 million in each of the last 3 full financial years, or net tangible assets or market capitalisation of at least $2,000 million. A foreign company must also be registered as a foreign company carrying on business in Australia under the Corporations Act. Foreign exempt listings then comply with a short list of rules rather than the full book, on the reasoning that their home market already regulates them.

Index treatment tracks that maturity. In the FTSE Equity Country Classification of Markets as at September 2023, both Australia and New Zealand sit in the Developed column, alongside Canada, Japan and Singapore, so passive flows into the region come through developed-market benchmarks rather than emerging ones. GSN’s Oceania coverage follows the same shape as the market: ASX continuous disclosure announcements and admissions, NZX equity and debt quotations, and the ASIC actions that sit behind both.

Sources

This overview is based on the official documents listed below, last checked 2026-09-03. Figures are as stated in those documents.

Top stories

Melbourne (AU), Melbourne City Centre 2019 1493 7
Australia

Nexsen's GBS Diagnostic Bet: A Joint Venture to Bridge the APAC Gap

Nexsen Limited (ASX: NXN) has signed a non-binding term sheet with FlashDx Shenzhen for a 50:50 joint venture to commercialise an enhanced molecular Group B Streptococcus diagnostic, targeting FDA and EU regulatory clearances and near-term Asia-Pacific market entry.

Sydney CBD Skyline at dusk
Australia

Axel REE's Bigger Woolrich Resource Still Has to Show ISR Can Work

Axel REE (ASX: AXL) has more than doubled its Woolrich rare earth resource, lifting its Caladão project in Brazil by 24 percent. The harder test is whether in situ recovery works under field conditions, and no technical study has been completed yet.

A reverse-circulation exploration drill rig at an Australian mine site
Australia

Alma Metals Reports Consistent Copper at Briggs Project

Alma Metals, an Australian copper explorer, has reported consistent copper mineralisation across the first three infill drill holes of a pre-feasibility study campaign at its Briggs project in Queensland.

Market Explainers

A modern glass office tower housing a financial regulator, with the New Zealand flag visible, symbolizing securities market oversight
New Zealand

The Invisible 20% Line That Can Force a Full Takeover Bid

Rule 6(1) of the Takeovers Code does not require disclosure at 20 per cent, it prohibits the crossing. Here is how control and association are measured, the narrow creep allowed above 50 per cent, and what happens at 90.

Exterior view of a New Zealand High Court building, reflecting the judicial approval role in scheme of arrangement takeovers
New Zealand

How a Scheme of Arrangement Replaces the Takeovers Code

Most large New Zealand takeovers run through Part 15 of the Companies Act, not the Takeovers Code. Here is the 75 per cent class vote, the Panel No-objection Statement, and the court test that replace it.

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New Zealand

Who Actually Watches Trading on the NZX

NZX regulates its own market through a separately governed subsidiary. Here is what the Surveillance team monitors, which enforcement tools sit behind it, and why the public censure list understates the work.